Impact Essex County

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Children And Youth

Children with Elevated Blood Lead Levels

What does this measure?

The percentage of screened children aged 9 months to 4 years that had confirmed elevated blood lead levels, expressed as a rate per 1,000 children ages 0 to 4.

Why is this important?

Exposure to lead, even small amounts, significantly increases a child's risk of developing long-lasting cognitive, physiological and behavioral problems.

How is our county doing?

In 2019, Essex County screened 73% of children aged 9 months to 4 years, and detected high lead levels in 64 children, for a rate of 2.7 per 1,000 children. This was slightly lower than the statewide rate of 2.6, and a 40% decline since 2010. Within Essex County, the cities of Lynn and Methuen had the highest rates in 2019 - at 5.6 and 5.0, respectively - although Lynn was a reduction in rate since 2010.

How do we compare to other counties?

Essex County had a higher rate than Middlesex, MA (1.7 per 1,000) but had less improvement since 2010 compared to Middlesex where the rate fell 44% from 2010 to 2019. Both counties have improved the rate by about 40%.

Notes on the data

Comparable data was not available for Lake, IL. Westchester County, NY. A blood lead level is confirmed as elevated when there are 10 or more micrograms per deciliter of lead present in the blood specimen. Lead poisoning is confirmed at 25 and higher micrograms per deciliter, and is included in the figures.

Children with Elevated Blood Lead Levels

	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019
Essex County, MA	4.6	3.5	4.5	3.5	3.8	3.0	2.8	3.1	2.6	2.7
Amesbury				0.0	0.0				0.0	0.0
Beverly			0.0	0.0					0.0
Gloucester	11.1			8.6
Haverhill	7.1	3.9	8.6	4.6	6.2	3.3	4.4	3.5	4.5	4.7
Lawrence	6.6	7.6	7.4	5.6	4.5	5.3	5.3	4.5	3.4	2.9
Lynn	8.3	5.5	7.2	6.5	8.6	6.0	5.5	6.9	4.1	5.6
Methuen	4.0	5.2	3.9	0.7	2.2	2.4	0.8	2.4	3.3	5.0
Newburyport								0.0		0.0
Peabody	4.4	0.0	1.5	0.7	0.0	2.3	0.7	0.7	0.0	0.0
Salem	1.6	2.4	3.9	3.2	3.2
Andover				0.0				0.0		0.0
Boxford	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0			0.0	0.0	0.0
Danvers			0.0		0.0	0.0
Essex	0.0	3.2	4.4	3.6	4.6	3.5	2.4	3.5	6.0	4.2
Georgetown			0.0	0.0		0.0			0.0	0.0
Groveland	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0		0.0	0.0	0.0
Hamilton	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ipswich	0.0	0.0					0.0		0.0	0.0
Lynnfield		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manchester	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marblehead	0.0	0.0				0.0	0.0
Merrimac			0.0		0.0	0.0		0.0
Middleton	0.0			0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nahant	0.0	0.0	0.0		0.0	0.0		0.0	0.0	0.0
Newbury	0.0	0.0		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0		0.0	0.0
North Andover						0.0	0.0			0.0
Rockport	0.0					0.0	0.0
Rowley	0.0	0.0		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salisbury		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saugus							0.0
Swampscott						0.0	0.0
Topsfield	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wenham	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0		0.0	0.0	0.0
West Newbury	0.0	0.0	0.0			0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Middlesex County, MA	3.1	2.8	2.8	2.3	2.5	2.4	2.3	2.4	2.2	1.7
Westchester County, NY	4.2	4.1	3.3	5.7	3.9	2.6	3.6	4.5	3.1	2.9
Massachusetts	4.4	3.5	3.7	3.3	3.8	3.4	3.7	3.2	2.8	2.6
United States	6.0	5.4	5.8	5.8	5.1	5.1	5.3	5.0	4.1

Source: Massachusetts Center for Health Information and Analysis, New York State Department of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Notes: Per 1,000 Children. Data not available for every geography due to nondisclosure.

Number of Children Tested with Elevated Blood Lead Levels

	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019
Essex County, MA	104	82	103	82	88	69	64	71	61	64
Amesbury				0	0				0	0
Beverly			0	0					0
Gloucester	8			6
Haverhill	15	8	17	9	12	6	8	6	8	7
Lawrence	23	26	26	19	15	17	17	15	11	11
Lynn	33	21	28	25	34	23	21	27	17	22
Methuen	5	6	5	1	3	3	1	3	4	6
Newburyport								0		0
Peabody	6	0	2	1	0	3	1	1	0	0
Salem	2	3	5	4	4
Andover				0				0		0
Boxford	0	0	0	0	0			0	0	0
Danvers			0		0	0
Essex	0	5	7	6	8	6	4	6	10	7
Georgetown			0	0		0			0	0
Groveland	0	0	0	0	0		0	0	0
Hamilton	0	0	0	0	0		0	0	0	0
Ipswich	0	0					0		0	0
Lynnfield		0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manchester	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marblehead	0	0				0	0
Merrimac			0		0	0		0
Middleton	0			0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nahant	0	0	0		0	0		0	0	0
Newbury	0	0		0	0	0	0		0	0
North Andover						0	0			0
Rockport	0					0	0
Rowley	0	0		0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salisbury		0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saugus							0
Swampscott						0	0
Topsfield	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wenham	0	0	0	0	0	0		0	0	0
West Newbury	0	0	0			0	0	0	0
Middlesex County, MA	118	100	100	84	91	87	86	90	82	64
Westchester County, NY	112	108	84	152	103	55	72	104	70	66
Massachusetts	817	628	654	598	668	594	651	556	493	457
United States	25,617	22,152	17,437	12,946	13,123	13,056	14,437	14,195	13,748

Source: Massachusetts Center for Health Information and Analysis, New York State Department of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Notes: Data not available for every geography due to nondisclosure.

Children And Youth Indicators

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INDICATORS	TREND \| ESSEX COUNTY
People 65 or Older Living Alone	Decreasing
Early Prenatal Care by Mother's Race/Ethnicity	Not Applicable
Prevalence of Overweight Adults	Not Applicable
Preterm Births	Increasing
Infant Mortality Rate	Maintaining
Children with Elevated Blood Lead Levels	Decreasing
Children Living in Poverty	Increasing
Children Living in Poverty by Race/Ethnicity	Not Applicable
Disengaged Youth	Maintaining
Live Births to Teen Mothers	Decreasing
Youth Arrests	Decreasing
Arts, Entertainment and Recreation Establishments	Maintaining
Arts, Entertainment and Recreation Employment	Maintaining
Tourism Spending	Increasing
Voter Participation Rate	Increasing
Charitable Contributions	Maintaining
Protected Land	Not Applicable
Days with Good Air Quality	Increasing
Beach Contamination	Increasing
Daily Water Use per Resident	Decreasing
Crimes Against People	Maintaining
Crimes Against Property	Decreasing
Drug-Related Arrests	Maintaining
Reports of Domestic Violence	Increasing
Incarceration Rates	Decreasing
Recidivism	Decreasing
Households Without Vehicles	Decreasing
Means of Transportation to Work	Not Applicable
Traffic Injuries and Fatalities	Maintaining
Households With Internet Access	Not Applicable
Change in Total Population	Increasing
Change in Population by Age/Sex	Not Applicable
People with Disabilities	Maintaining
Households by Type	Not Applicable
Single-Parent Families by Sex	Not Applicable
Single-Parent Families by Race/Ethnicity	Not Applicable
Change in Population by Race/Ethnicity	Not Applicable
Foreign-Born Population	Increasing
Language Diversity	Increasing
Change in Total Jobs	Increasing
Change in Jobs by Sector	Not Applicable
Change in Average Salary	Increasing
Change in Average Salary by Sector	Not Applicable
Average Salary by Sector	Not Applicable
Median Earnings by Occupation by Gender	Not Applicable
People Entering/Leaving County for Work	Not Applicable
Employer Size	Not Applicable
Self-Employment Revenue	Increasing
Business Ownership by Race/Ethnicity	Not Applicable
Unemployment Rate	Increasing
Unemployment Rate by Race/Ethnicity	Not Applicable
Prekindergarten Participation	Not Applicable
Female Enrollment in School	Not Applicable
Chronically Absent Students	Increasing
Per-Student Spending	Increasing
Bullying	Decreasing
Student Performance on Grade 3 Reading	Not Applicable
Student Performance on Grade 8 Math by Student Group	Not Applicable
Student Performance on Grade 10 English Language Arts	Not Applicable
Student Performance on Grade 10 Math	Not Applicable
High School Cohort Graduation Rate	Increasing
High School Cohort Graduation Rate by Student Group	Not Applicable
Education Levels of Adults	Not Applicable
Bachelor's Degree or Higher by Race/Ethnicity	Not Applicable
Income in Relation to Poverty Level	Not Applicable
People Living in Poverty by Race/Ethnicity	Not Applicable
Median Household Income	Increasing
Median Household Income by Race/Ethnicity	Not Applicable
Median Household Income by Household Type	Not Applicable
Living Wage Rate by Household Type	Not Applicable
Access to Financial Services, by Race/Ethnicity	Not Applicable
Households Receiving Temporary Assistance	Increasing
Households Receiving Federal Food Assistance	Increasing
Participation in Food Assistance by Race/Ethnicity	Not Applicable
Earned Income Tax Credit Participation	Decreasing
Economically Disadvantaged Students	Increasing
Median Home Value	Increasing
Cost of Homeownership	Increasing
Cost of Renting	Increasing
Homeownership Rates	Maintaining
Homeownership Rates by Race/Ethnicity	Not Applicable
Homeless Persons	Maintaining
People Without Health Insurance	Decreasing
Medical Care Expenses	Increasing
Prevalence of Children with Asthma	Maintaining
Prevalence of Overweight Children	Maintaining
Diabetes Incidence	Decreasing
Chronic Disease Among Older Adults	Increasing
Cancer Incidence	Decreasing
Cancer Mortality Rate	Decreasing
Heart Disease Mortality Rate	Decreasing
Mortality Rate	Decreasing
People who Smoke	Not Applicable
Use of Illegal Drugs	Not Applicable
Youth Use of Illegal Drugs	Not Applicable
Substance Abuse Treatment Admissions	Not Applicable
Drug Overdose Mortality Rate	Increasing
Prevalence of Mental Illness	Maintaining
Suicide Rate	Maintaining
Children Living in Poverty by Race/Ethnicity	Not Applicable
Single-Parent Families by Race/Ethnicity	Not Applicable
Change in Population by Race/Ethnicity	Not Applicable
Unemployment Rate by Race/Ethnicity	Not Applicable
Student Performance on Grade 3 Reading	Not Applicable
Student Performance on Grade 8 Math by Student Group	Not Applicable
Student Performance on Grade 10 English Language Arts	Not Applicable
Student Performance on Grade 10 Math	Not Applicable
High School Cohort Graduation Rate by Student Group	Not Applicable
Bachelor's Degree or Higher by Race/Ethnicity	Not Applicable
People Living in Poverty by Race/Ethnicity	Not Applicable
Median Household Income by Race/Ethnicity	Not Applicable
Participation in Food Assistance by Race/Ethnicity	Not Applicable
Homeownership Rates by Race/Ethnicity	Not Applicable